The Advanced electronic signature It is safer than the handwritten firm, as said Sigfrido Lee, associate researcher at the National Economic Research Center (one hundred). This is because, according to Lee, this type of signature is more difficult to falsify. According to its definition, the advanced electronic signature is “a unique electronic identifier that was generated safely.”
According to article 33 of Decree 47-2008, also called Law for the recognition of electronic communications and firmsfor a firm to be considered advanced electronics, it must incorporate, among other specific aspects, the possibility of detecting any alteration carried out after the time of the firm, both in the electronic signature and in the signed information. According to the article, this allows anyone to demonstrate the reliability of an electronic signature.
On the other hand, according to the website of the Chamber of Commerce – certifying entity of advanced electronic signatures – these firms must comply with three essential principles:
- Authenticity: It allows to guarantee the identity of the issuer of a message.
- Integrity: ensures that the relevant information or information has not been altered.
- I did not repudiate: It implies that the issuer cannot deny the knowledge of the information contained in the message or the commitments acquired from the firm.
In addition, Lee said that by signing an advanced electronic signature document, is electronically certified through a safe process that guarantees traceabilitythat is, it allows to identify the origin, possible modifications and who have had access to the document.
Total digitalization
The researcher mentioned that the electronic signature guarantees that the procedures issued by the State, as well as those that are carried out between private parties, are valid. “Low the procedures,” said the one hundred associate.
For his part, Ana Isabel Antillón, who leads the legal certainty table of the Guatemala initiative does not stop, said that within the procedures, The advanced electronic signature should be used by both the user and by the Ministry when issuing a resolution. From this, he stressed that the approval process is much more agile.
When using electronic signature, paper should never be used, Antillón said: “If the resolution issued by the Ministry is scanned, that is, they first sign it on paper and then upload it, the digitalization process is broken.”
To the documents that begin digitally, but are printed to be signed, Lee defined them as analogues. To avoid such documents, he stressed that the electronic signature is essential, because it helps a process that is born digital to be digital and guarantees the reliability of the process.
What procedures do advanced electronic signature in Guatemala?
According to data provided by Eddie Cux, Open and Electronic Government Presidential Commissioner (GAE), 373 procedures from various state institutions are currently issued with advanced electronic signature. Among the institutions that manage signed procedures digitally are the Ministry of Communications, Infrastructure and Housing (CIV); the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARN); The Ministry of Economy (Mineco), among others.
Next, there are 10 procedures that are issued with an advanced electronic signature from the ministries.
1. Environmental license in category A
Entity: Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
According to a note published by Professional Link of Consultants, this license is essential for those who wish to carry out projects that may affect the environment. To obtain it, it is essential to have environmental impact evaluations and carry out public consultations.
How to make the application?
- Enter the MARN website.
- Click on the “Saga” option, located in the upper right.
- Log in or create an account.
- When the portal opens, four options will appear; Go to the last and click on “Environmental Licenses”.
- In the “Saga licenses application” menu, click on that option.
- When the space for the application is opened, click on “Request license”.
- Enter the data and send the application.
2. Environmental license in category B1
Entity: Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
This license applies to projects with moderate to high impact. Detailed evaluations are required to mitigate significant effects, according to a note published by Professional Consultant Link.
How to make the application?
- Enter the MARN website.
- Click on the “Saga” option, located in the upper right.
- Log in or create an account.
- When the portal opens, four options will appear; Go to the last and click on “Environmental Licenses”.
- In the “Saga licenses application” menu, click on that option.
- When the space for the application is opened, click on “Request license”.
- Enter the data and send the application.
3. Environmental license in category B2
Entity: Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
Category B2 corresponds to projects with environmental to low environmental impact. Therefore, a less rigorous evaluation is needed, as indicated by a note published by Professional Link of Consultants.
How to make the application?
- Enter the MARN website.
- Click on the “Saga” option, located in the upper right.
- Log in or create an account.
- When the portal opens, four options will appear; Go to the last and click on “Environmental Licenses”.
- In the “Saga licenses application” menu, click on that option.
- When the space for the application is opened, click on “Request license”.
- Enter the data and send the application.
4. Environmental license in category C
Entity: Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
This license is requested for projects with low environmental impact. It applies to simple processes and requires less documentation for processing.
How to make the application?
- Enter the MARN website.
- Click on the “Saga” option, located in the upper right.
- Log in or create an account.
- When the portal opens, four options will appear; Go to the last and click on “Environmental Licenses”.
- In the “Saga licenses application” menu, click on that option.
- When the space for the application is opened, click on “Request license”.
- Enter the data and send the application.
5. Registration of marketers, including importers and exporters
Entity: Ministry of Energy and Mines
According to the official GAE site, this registration allows to enable marketers, both importers and exporters, to make market transactions.
How to make the application?
- Enter the MEM website.
- Click on the option “MEM procedures.”
- Select “online procedures.”
- Log in or create a user.
- Choose the option “General Directorate of Energy”.
- Enter the name of the company and the desired procedure.
- Complete the requirements and send the application.
6. Registration and approval of adhesion contracts
Entity: Ministry of Economy
According to him Manual of Standards and Procedures of the Ministry of Economy, an adhesion contract is that whose conditions are established unilaterally by the supplier. Registration seeks to grant legal certainty to consumers and users.
How to make the application?
- Enter the Diaco website.
- Click on the “Diaco” option, located on the left side of the page.
- Choose the option corresponding to the process.
- Click “Electronic application.”
- Download the form and complete it according to the instructions.
- Take into account other additional requirements indicated.
- Submit the application in the physical offices of the Diaco.
7. Apostille certificate application
Entity: Foreign Ministry
A presentation of the Ministry, entitled The Apostille in GuatemalaHe explains that this certificate accredits the origin of a public document and the authenticity of the signature of the official country official.
How to make the application?
- Enter the Minex website.
- Click on “Online Applications and Procedures.”
- Follow the indicated link that redirects the Apostille application section.
- Click on the pink “New Apostille” button.
- Login into the external platform.
- The page will automatically redirect the section to create the application.
- Verify the requirements.
- Click on “Make application.”
- Select the “Apostille” option and click on “Request.”
- Fill the required data and send the application.
8. Request for a certificate of legalization of documents
Entity: Foreign Ministry
According to GAE’s website, this application is necessary for documents from abroad to be admissible in Guatemala, as well as to legalize documents issued in the country that must take effect abroad.
How to make the application?
- Enter the Minex website.
- Click on “Online Applications and Procedures.”
- Access the external link to log in to the certification system.
- Follow the detailed instructions on the page for the legalization of the document.
- Complete each step through the bonds provided.
- Fill the requested data and send the process.
9. Verification of Calibration certificates of measuring and weighing instruments
Entity: Ministry of Economy
According to him Manual of Standards and Procedures From the Mineco, this procedure guarantees the rights of consumers and users and avoids fraud. It is required to certify the calibration results of the instruments.
How to make the application?
- Enter the Diaco website.
- Click on the “Diaco” option, located on the left side of the page.
- Select the option corresponding to the process.
- Click “Electronic application.”
- Download the form and complete it according to the indications.
- Consider the additional requirements indicated.
- Submit the application in the physical offices of the Diaco.
10. Distribution, sale and transfer license
Entity: Ministry of Energy and Mines
According to a document from the Ministry of Energy and Mines, this license is essential to distribute, sell and transfer equipment generating ionizing radiation and radioactive substances.
How to make the application?
- Enter the MEM website.
- Click on the option “MEM procedures.”
- Select “online procedures.”
- Log in or create a user.
- Choose the option “General Directorate of Energy”.
- Enter the company’s name and select the process.
- Fill the requirements and send the application.